How to Sand Wooden Picture Frames for Painting or Gilding (120–400 Grit)

Wooden picture frames often feature intricate details and delicate profiles. Proper sanding prepares them for painting, staining, or gilding while preserving fine craftsmanship. This guide explains how to sand frames carefully for a flawless finish.

Why Sand Picture Frames?

Sanding removes dust, scratches, and old finishes, ensuring that new coatings adhere evenly. It also smooths edges and grooves, making paint or gold leaf application cleaner and longer-lasting.

Tools You’ll Need

• Sanding sponges for profiles and curves
• Detail sander or hand sanding block
• Vacuum and tack cloth
• Wet/dry sandpaper sheets (120–400 grit)
• Mask and protective eyewear

Recommended Grit Sequence

• 120 grit: Removing old coatings and rough spots.
• 180 grit: Smoothing flat and curved sections.
• 220 grit: Prepping bare wood for primer or stain.
• 320–400 grit: Final sanding for ultra-smooth finishes.

Step-by-Step Process

1. Inspect the frame. Identify damaged areas or chipped finishes.
2. Start with 120 grit. Use 120 grit (25-pack) to strip coatings and smooth rough edges.
3. Refine with 180 grit. Work with 180 grit (50-pack) on curves and profiles.
4. Prep with 220 grit. Sand evenly with 220 grit (100-pack) for paint or stain readiness.
5. Finish with 320–400 grit. Lightly sand with 400 grit (10-pack) for a polished surface.
6. Clean thoroughly. Vacuum dust from grooves and wipe with tack cloths.
7. Apply finish. Use paint, stain, or gilding depending on your project.

Special Cases

For antique frames, hand sanding is safer than power sanding to preserve delicate carvings. For MDF frames, avoid oversanding edges, which can weaken them.

Pro Tips

• Sand lightly—frames are often fragile.
• Wrap sandpaper around dowels for grooves and detailed areas.
• Use sanding sponges for consistent pressure on curves.
• Seal frames with primer before painting for best adhesion.

Aftercare

• Dust frames regularly to protect finishes.
• Recoat painted or gilded frames every few years as needed.
• Handle gently to avoid dents and scratches.

FAQs

• Do I need to remove all old paint? Only if it’s peeling—otherwise, scuff sanding is enough.
• Can I use power sanders on frames? Not recommended—hand sanding is safer for delicate profiles.
• What grit is best before gilding? 320–400 grit ensures a smooth, polished surface for leaf application.

Watch & Learn

Sanding picture frames enhances beauty and finish longevity. Stock up on medium grits, fine sheets, and super fine sandpapers for your next frame refinishing project.